---
sidebar_position: 20
title: Excel and Google Sheets
description: Load Excel and Google Sheets data into MotherDuck using the DuckDB CLI.
---

# Using Excel and Google Sheets Data in MotherDuck

Key bits of data and side schedules often exist in spreadsheets like Excel and Google Sheets. It is nice to be able to easily add that data to your data warehouse and query it. This guide aims to show you how to perform this workflow using the DuckDB CLI for both [Excel](#microsoft-excel) and [Google Sheets](#google-sheets).

:::tip
In order use these extensions, you will need to first install the DuckDB CLI. [Instructions can be found here.](/getting-started/interfaces/connect-query-from-duckdb-cli).
:::

## Microsoft Excel

:::note
The purpose of this guide is to show you how to _load_ data from Excel into MotherDuck. If you'd like to _retrieve_ MotherDuck data in Excel, you can [follow this guide](/integrations/bi-tools/excel/).
:::

To read from an Excel spreadsheet, open the DuckDB CLI by typing `duckdb 'md:'` in your terminal.
This will ask you for access to your MotherDuck account if you haven't already provided it.

You can now read Excel files directly with a simple `SELECT * FROM 'movies.xslx'` which will automatically load the
DuckDB Excel extension. If you want to get more control you can use
[the `read_xlsx` function](https://duckdb.org/docs/stable/core_extensions/excel) directly.

```sql
SELECT * FROM read_xlsx('movies.xlsx', sheet = 'Action Movies');
```

The previous query simply returns the data set to the terminal, but the query can be modified to write the data into MotherDuck with "Create Table As Select" (CTAS).

```sql
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE my_db.main.my_movies AS -- use fully qualified table name
SELECT * 
FROM "C:\users\documents\movies.xlsx";
```

Of course, sometimes there is data in multiple tabs. In that case, you can use the `sheet` parameter to pass the tab names, and depending on the context, even union multiple tabs into a single table.

```sql
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE my_db.main.my_movies AS -- use fully qualified table name
SELECT * 
FROM st_read("C:\users\documents\movies.xlsx", sheet = 'Action Movies')
UNION ALL
SELECT * 
FROM st_read("C:\users\documents\movies.xlsx", sheet = 'Romance Movies');
```

## Google Sheets
::::info
While the Excel extension is a core DuckDB extension, the Google Sheets extension is a community extension maintained by Evidence.
::::

The first step to handle Google Sheets is to install the [duckdb-gsheets](https://duckdb-gsheets.com/) extension. That is done with these commands after starting the DuckDB CLI with `duckdb 'md:'`

```sql
INSTALL gsheets FROM community;
LOAD gsheets;
```

Since Google Sheets is a hosted application, we need to use [DuckDB Secrets](https://duckdb.org/docs/configuration/secrets_manager.html)
to handle authentication. This is as simple as:

```sql
CREATE SECRET (TYPE gsheet);
```

:::note
Using this workflow will require interactivity with a browser, so if you need to run it from a job (i.e. Airflow or similar), consider setting up a [Google API access token](https://duckdb-gsheets.com/#getting-a-google-api-access-token).
:::

In order to read from a Google Sheet, we need at minimum the sheet id, which is found in the URL, for example `https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/11QdEasMWbETbFVxry-SsD8jVcdYIT1zBQszcF84MdE8/edit`. The string between `d/` and `/edit` represents the spreadsheet id. It can therefore be queried with:

```sql
SELECT *
FROM read_gsheet('https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/11QdEasMWbETbFVxry-SsD8jVcdYIT1zBQszcF84MdE8/edit');
```

The previous query simply returns the data set to the terminal, but the query can be modified to write the data into MotherDuck with "Create Table As Select" (CTAS).

```sql
CREATE OR REPLACE TABLE my_db.main.my_table AS -- use fully qualified table name
SELECT * 
FROM read_gsheet('https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/11QdEasMWbETbFVxry-SsD8jVcdYIT1zBQszcF84MdE8/edit');
```

For convenience, the spreadsheet id itself can be queried as well.

```sql
SELECT * 
FROM read_gsheet('11QdEasMWbETbFVxry-SsD8jVcdYIT1zBQszcF84MdE8');
```

To query data from multiple tabs, the tab name can be passed as parameter using `sheet` to select the preferred tab.

```sql
SELECT * FROM read_gsheet('11QdEasMWbETbFVxry-SsD8jVcdYIT1zBQszcF84MdE8', sheet='Sheet2');
```

For more detailed documentation, including writing to Google Sheets, review the [duckdb-gsheets documentation](https://duckdb-gsheets.com/#getting-a-google-api-access-token).

## Handling More Complex Workflows

Production use cases tend to be much more complex and include things like incremental builds & state management. In those scenarios, please take a look at our [ingestion partners](https://motherduck.com/ecosystem/?category=Ingestion), which includes many options including some that offer native python. An overview of the MotherDuck Ecosystem is shown below.

![Diagram](../../../img/md-diagram.svg)